Design and In Vitro Assessment of Itraconazole Topical Gel for Fungal Infections

The current study's objective is to create and evaluate an itraconazole antifungal gel. Itraconazole, a derivative of imidazole, is used to treat local and systemic fungal infections. The goal of this formulation is to increase patient compliance while reducing the dosage of the drug. When incorporated into the gel foundation, the resultant polymer-based nanocomposite preserves the inherent properties of nanoparticles while providing enhanced stability. The generated formulations were tested for physical appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release, and antifungal activity using Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger. The gel containing 1% w/w itraconazole and Carbopol 934p as the gelling agent has the best qualities. Its steady drug concentration (98.6 ± 0.5%), appropriate pH (6.4 ± 0.2), respectable viscosity, and adequate in vitro drug release over 8 hours were all noteworthy. Antifungal testing revealed significant inhibitory zones, indicating strong antifungal activity comparable to that of commercial therapies. The study concludes that topical gel formulation of itraconazole is a promising alternative to oral therapy for superficial fungal infections because it provides targeted delivery with enhanced efficacy and less systemic exposure. To confirm clinical efficacy and safety, more in vivo studies are recommended. Developing and testing a topical antifungal gel with itraconazole is the goal of this project in order to increase local drug delivery, minimise systemic side effects, and enhance patient adherence. Physical appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release, and antifungal effectiveness against Candida albicans were all assessed for the produced formulations. According to the findings, the optimised gel demonstrated notable antifungal effectiveness, prolonged drug release, and favourable physicochemical characteristics. Additionally, the formulation held up well in conditions of accelerated storage.