Determining the Acceptable Specific and General Clinical Indicative Criteria for Pediatric Blood Transfusion Among Children with Different ABO/Rhesus Blood Types: A Systematic Review of Published Literature

Background: Blood transfusion is a critical medical intervention in pediatric patients with various hematological conditions .Ensuring compatibility between donor and recipient blood types is crucial to prevent adverse conditions. However, studies have shown that the acceptable specific indicative criteria for blood transfusion among children with different ABO/Rhesus blood types may not be the same for every patient. More studies have poised that the acceptable specific indicative criteria for blood transfusion vary from one patient to another depending on their specific blood types and associated outcomes which may also depend on the risk factors of adverse reactions and complications which might not be well established.  Objective: This systematic review is aimed at conducting a systematic review of published literature to identify and synthesize acceptable specific criteria of blood transfusion indications among children with different ABO/Rhesus blood types and associated outcomes.  Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases using ten different search engines, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, ProQuest to identify relevant studies published in English. Out of 400 articles retrieved, 300 articles were selected for inclusion in this review  Results: A total of 400 articles were included in the review, encompassing 300 articles The results of this review showed that the acceptable specific indicative criteria of blood transfusion among children with different ABO/Rhesus blood types varied widely. The findings suggest that blood transfusion acceptable specific and general indicative criteria among children vary depending on ABO and Rh blood types, clinical conditions, and laboratory parameters. Children with blood group type O,B,A and AB positive were more likely to receive blood transfusions, while those with blood group A, B, AB , and O negative were less likely. Acceptable generalized clinical criteria for blood transfusion indications include severe anemia, surgery, trauma, and sickle cell diseases, significant blood loss, and specific hemoglobin thresholds.  Conclusion: This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of acceptable specific and generalized criteria for blood transfusion indications in children with different ABO and Rh blood types. The findings highlight the importance of considering individual patient needs, clinical conditions, and laboratory parameters and associated outcomes when making transfusion decisions for the benefits of blood transfusions in children population .