Computational Docking and in Vitro Validation of Anti-Obesity and Antioxidant Activities of Hydroethanolic Extract of Psidium Guajava Leaf

Obesity is a chronic health condition linked to various metabolic disorders, necessitating effective treatment strategies beyond lifestyle modifications. One promising approach involves inhibiting digestive enzymes to reduce fat and carbohydrate absorption. In this study, we evaluated the anti-obesity potential of Hydro-ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves (HEPG) using in vitro and in silico methods. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and other bioactive constituents, with quantified flavonoid and phenolic contents of 127 μg QE/g of HEPG and 168 μg GE/g of HEPG respectively. thin coating Gallic acid was identified as a phenol and quercetin as a flavonoid in HEPG by chromatographic analysis. Antioxidant assays demonstrated significant hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC50: 214 μg/mL) and ferrous reducing activity (IC50: 206 μg/mL). Enzyme inhibition studies revealed notable lipase (IC50:155 μg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50: 157 μg/mL) inhibitory activities, comparable to standard orlistat and acarbose. In silico molecular docking studies further supported these findings, showing strong binding affinities of flavonoids and gallic acid to fat mass and obesity-associated protein (PDB ID: 3LFM), with glide scores close to that of orlistat (-11.6). Hence, our findings suggest that HEPG possesses significant anti-obesity potential, likely due to its flavonoid and phenolic content, making it a promising natural alternative for obesity management.