Role of Antibody Therapy in Recurrent and Metastatic Cervical Cancer Treatment: A Review of the Literature

Recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer (R/M CC) presents a significant clinical challenge, with limited efficacy from conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation. In recent years, antibody-based therapies have emerged as a promising frontier in oncology, offering targeted and personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the evolving role of antibody therapeutics in the management of R/M CC, focusing on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and targeted monoclonal antibodies. ICIs such as pembrolizumab and ipilimumab have demonstrated potential in restoring anti-tumor immunity, although their use is often complicated by immune-related adverse events. ADCs like tisotumab vedotin offer precision delivery of cytotoxic agents, minimizing systemic toxicity. Additionally, anti-angiogenic agents such as bevacizumab and novel antibody formats—including bispecific antibodies and antibody fragments—are expanding the therapeutic landscape. While these approaches show promise, variability in patient response and safety profiles underscores the need for further clinical investigation. This review highlights current advancements, challenges, and future directions in antibody-based therapies for R/M CC, emphasizing the importance of biomarker-driven strategies and combination regimens to optimize clinical outcomes.