Effect of Halide Ions Admixtures on Inhibitive Properties of Acanthospermum hispidum Leaf Extract on Mild Steel in HCL Solution

This study investigated the effect of halide ions admixtures on inhibitive properties of acanthospermum hispidum leaf extract on mild steel in HCL solution. Acanthospermum hispidum, a plant known for its abundance and dominance as a weed in local farmlands, was sourced from Imande Antsa Village near Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi (JOSTUM). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols compounds known for their corrosion-inhibiting properties. Experimental results showed that corrosion rates decreased with increasing extract concentrations, with the lowest rate of 0.052 mm/yr at 0.5 g/L and 298 K, compared to 0.1804 mm/yr for the uninhibited sample. This indicates enhanced surface adsorption at higher concentrations. The addition of halide ions, Potassium Bromide (KBr) and Potassium Iodide (KI) further improved inhibition efficiency, rising from 71.43% to 90.96%, with iodide ions showing superior performance. These findings suggest a strong synergistic effect between the plant extract and halide ions. The study concludes that the combined use of AHLE and halides is an environmentally friendly and cost- effective approach for protecting mild steel against acid-induced corrosion, making it suitable for industrial applications where sustainability and safety are essential.