Time-Dependent Study of Blood Flow Through Vertebral Artery Analysing the Effect of Stenosis

Vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) is a major contributor to ischemic strokes in the posterior circulation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a valuable tool in simulating blood flow dynamics in both healthy and pathologically altered vessels. This study explores the temporal characteristics of blood flow in the vertebral arteries using numerical simulations. We model blood flow under pulsatile conditions in anatomically realistic healthy and stenosed vertebral arteries and evaluate velocity distributions and pressure variations, over a cardiac cycle. The study aims to enhance understanding of hemodynamic alterations caused by stenosis and their implications in vertebrobasilar insufficiency and stroke risk.