Fluid Model of Ion Acceleration in Magnetized Plasma Jets

This study presents a comprehensive theoretical investigation into ion acceleration mechanisms within magnetized plasma jets using a relativistic multi-fluid framework. The model integrates the Vlasov-Maxwell system with relativistic ion- fluid dynamics to capture the collective behavior of charged particles in high-energy plasma flows. Employing the cold plasma approximation under a steady-state magnetized configuration, we analytically derive governing equations and validate them. Emphasis is placed on the influence of magnetic field topology, charge density gradients, and relativistic corrections on ion acceleration profiles. The results reveal significant enhancements in plasma thrust and wave-particle coupling dynamics, with implications for advanced space propulsion, astrophysical jet modeling, and high-altitude drone applications. Our approach bridges classical plasma fluid theory with advanced predictive modeling, offering a robust framework for predicting and optimizing plasma jet behavior in relativistic regimes.