Comparative Investigation of Hibiscus rosa- sinensis and Trigonella foenum-graecum Extracts for Restoring Haematological Parameters in Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anaemia in Mus musculus

Anaemia is a prevalent haematological disorder characterized by reduced haemoglobin levels, impaired erythropoiesis, and associated immune dysregulation. This study evaluates the therapeutic potential of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China-rose) and Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) extracts in anaemia-induced mice by assessing their haematological effects. Anaemia was induced in mice, followed by oral administration of H.rosa-sinensis and T.foenum- graecum extracts at different doses (400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg), individually and in combination, for 60 days. Haematological parameters, including haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count, and differential leukocyte counts, were analyzed. The results showed a significant, dose-dependent improvement in Hb and HCT levels, with the highest efficacy observed at 800 mg/kg doses. Combination therapy exhibited a synergistic effect, closely approaching the standard ferrous sulfate treatment. WBC normalization and a reduction in neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil counts suggest anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, platelet recovery and the restoration of monocyte and lymphocyte levels further highlight the hematopoietic potential of these extracts. The observed effects are likely attributed to the bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins, which enhance erythropoiesis, reduce oxidative stress, and modulate immune responses. These findings support the potential use of H.rosa-sinensis and T.foenum-graecum as natural alternatives for anaemia management, either individually or in combination, offering a promising plant-based therapeutic approach.