Music Therapy for Communication Development in Autistic Children: A Research Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent challenges in social communication and interaction, with many children experiencing significant difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication. Music therapy has emerged as a promising intervention, leveraging its multisensory and motivational properties to address these core deficits. This study systematically reviews the existing literature to evaluate the efficacy of music therapy in enhancing communication skills among children with ASD. A comprehensive search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, incorporating peer-reviewed studies from PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science (2003–2023). Inclusion criteria focused on children with ASD, music-based interventions, and measurable communication outcomes. Methodological quality was assessed with 68 studies meeting final selection criteria. Key findings indicate that music therapy significantly improves verbal and non-verbal communication, joint attention, and social engagement. Neurophysiological evidence demonstrates enhanced auditory-motor connectivity 23% increase in superior temporal gyrus-premotor cortex connectivity; Wan et al., 2010) and dopaminergic system activation, supporting speech production and emotional regulation. However, limitations include heterogeneous methodologies, small sample sizes (median n=32), and insufficient long-term follow-up. The review concludes that music therapy is a viable, evidence-based intervention for communication deficits in ASD, particularly when tailored to individual needs. Future research should prioritize: (1) standardized protocols for specific subgroups like Minimally verbal children, (2) Integration with behavioral therapies like PECS or ABA, and (3) large-scale longitudinal studies with neurobiological measures. Clinically, combining structured musical activities (Rhythmic entrainment) with family-centered approaches may optimize outcomes.