Comprehensive Analysis on Dyson’s Sphere as an Energy Harnessing Megastructures

So basically, Dyson’s sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that encompasses the host star and captures the energy emitted by the star. Dyson’s sphere has so many variants such as dyson swarm, dyson shell, dyson ring. It is envisioned as a method for an advanced civilization to capture the total energy output of a star. In the year of 1960, Freeman Dyson a famous mathematician and physicist introduced this in seminal 1960 paper, the concept has since spurred serious scientific inquiry and rich science fiction fame. This paper reviews the conceptual framework of Dyson’s sphere, its various structural variants, the theoretical modelling of energy capture, and the astrophysical and technological challenges that such an attempt would pose. In addressing both the engineering requirements and the potential observational signatures relevant to the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we illuminate the promise and limitations of pursuing such an ambitious project.